In plain words
Barry said the important minor is always found on the fifth of the dominant: F♯ minor 6 sits on the fifth of B, which tells you that F♯ minor belongs to B7. So rather than practise F♯ minor 7 to B7, he said, if it is B7, practise B7. He felt this was taught wrongly and wished he could hold a session with all the teachers.
Working with a student, he named the minor six for each dominant in turn: for A7, E minor 6; for G7, D minor 6; for F, C minor 6, after first saying B♭ minor 6 and correcting himself. And he called a minor six going down to the diminished and on down to the dominant it comes from probably the first progression a pianist should know.
Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes5:43Eyes of the Masters: the first progression0:02
The second minor is the tritone’s minor: go to the dominant’s tritone and take the minor six on its fifth. For C7 the tritone is G♭7, whose fifth is D♭, so the tritone’s minor is D♭ minor 6, a half step above C. In the workshop video Howard Rees made of Barry’s clinic, one section explains why the tritone’s minor is the perfect altered scale and another shows it bridging V7 to Imaj7.
Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶23Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶24Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶25Barry Harris (on video); Howard Rees (producer, The Barry Harris Workshop Video Part 2: product page and 156-page workbook table of contents ¶20
Howard Rees explains why it works: run from a half step above the dominant’s root, the minor 6 diminished scale still holds the root, the third and the ♭7, and adds every commonly used altered tone. That is why, he says, you can think of it as an altered scale.
Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings, Part I: Barry Harris Keeps Things Movin’ ¶25Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings ¶11
Step by step
The important minor: build a minor sixth chord on the fifth of the dominant.
C7: G minor 6- G
- B♭
- D
- E
B7: F♯ minor 6- F♯
- A
- C♯
- D♯
Jazz theory, part 7: Monk and Stella by Starlight12:31Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes5:43Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶4
The tritone’s minor: go to the dominant a tritone away and build a minor sixth chord on its fifth. It always lands a half step above the original root.
C7: tritone G♭7, its fifth D♭, so D♭ minor 6- D♭
- F♭
- A♭
- B♭
D7: tritone A♭7, its fifth E♭, so E♭ minor 6- E♭
- G♭
- B♭
- C
Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶23Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶25Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings, Part I: Barry Harris Keeps Things Movin’ ¶27
Over the dominant, run the minor 6 diminished scale of the tritone’s minor as an altered scale. Against C7, the D♭ minor 6 diminished scale gives ♭9, ♯9, 3, ♯11, ♭13, 13, ♭7 and the root.
D♭ minor 6 diminished scale over C7 (spelt as heard against C7)- D♭
- E♭
- E
- G♭
- A♭
- A
- B♭
- C
Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings, Part I: Barry Harris Keeps Things Movin’ ¶25Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings ¶11Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶25
The diminished chord that goes with the tritone’s minor is the diminished on the dominant’s own root: D♭ minor 6 with C diminished over C7, E♭ minor 6 with D diminished over D7.
C diminished, partner of D♭ minor 6- C
- E♭
- G♭
- A
Vera Marijt (research coach Jarmo Hoogendijk), Barry Harris: Exploring the Diminished (MA research paper) ¶103jazzguitar.be members (usernames kept per post), Official Barry Harris Thread (jazzguitar.be forum thread) ¶1314
an added note, outside the scale
How he said to practise it
Go round a chain of dominants naming the minor six on each one’s fifth, as Barry did with a student: A7, E minor 6; G7, D minor 6; F, C minor 6.
Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes5:43
Play a minor sixth chord and let it go down to the diminished chord and then down to the dominant it comes from; Barry rated this among the first progressions a pianist should know.
Work through the harmony chapter of Barry’s second workshop video in its order: descending thirds on the E♭ minor 6 diminished scale, the tritone’s minor bridging V7 to Imaj7, then an altered D7 taken up the E♭ minor 6 diminished scale.
In Barry’s words
Each one plays from the moment he says it. Every other moment he teaches it is listed below.
The important minor is always found on the fifth... F sharp minor 6 is found on the fifth of the B7.
Now you need G7. Okay, and then I gotta say D minor 6.
That’s the minor six going down to the diminish[ed], down to the dominant that it comes from.
Where this comes from
Everything above is drawn from these. Open any one to check it.
Every moment he teaches it4 moments in 4 recordings
Each time opens the transcript there; the video plays when you are online.
Jazz theory, part 7: Monk and Stella by Starlight
- 12:31
The important minor is always on the fifth: F♯ minor 6 on the fifth of B, so practise B7.
Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes
- 5:43
Names each dominant’s minor six: A7, E minor 6; G7, D minor 6; F, C minor 6.
Eyes of the Masters: the first progression
- 0:02
First progression to know: a minor six down to the diminished, down to the dominant it comes from.
II-V-I in drop-2 voicings
- 1:13
Drop-2 drill: D minor 7, G7, then A♭ minor 7 to D♭7, the minor on the fifth of G7’s tritone.
From the lessons2 lessons, 11 points
Notes taken from Barry’s classes, each tied to the moment it comes from.
Put the ii chord away: think of the dominant
- Idea
Barry compared a jazz performance to classical music: it is a whole, not a bar-by-bar affair. You can’t think of it as one measure of C minor 7 to F7; sometimes the B-flat major comes in early, or the F7 does. He said he didn’t believe in ii chords at all and that they should all be put away.
- Idea
Barry said the important minor chord is always found on the fifth of the dominant. F-sharp minor 6 is found on the fifth of B, which tells you the F-sharp minor belongs to the B7. That is why, he said, you can’t really practise F-sharp minor 7 to B7: if it is B7, you practise B7. He felt this was taught wrongly and wished he could hold a big session with all the teachers.
- Idea
Barry admitted he used to say there was no such thing as a half-diminished chord, until someone corrected him. He passed on Monk’s view: Monk never called it half-diminished or minor 7 flat 5, but a minor chord with its sixth in the bass. D half-diminished, for example, is just F minor with D, its sixth, in the bass. So the progression is not II-V but minor IV to V to I. In the same way, D minor 7 is really the major IV going to V to I.
- Idea
Why play E-flat 7 in bars where the sheet says G half-diminished to C7? Because G half-diminished is the chord built on the third of E-flat 7. So Barry played the E-flat 7 scale there, not a G minor idea, and then changed to C. His rule: when you see a half-diminished chord, play the seventh chord whose third is its root. He quizzed his class on other half-diminished chords this way, and said that if he believes in sevenths he has to find a way to play everything with sevenths.
- Exercise
A run Barry said he likes when playing over what the caption suggests is a G half-diminished: take E-flat 7, start on the root, put one half step between the root and the seventh, and run down to the third of C. He wanted the E-flat itself in the line, not just the D-flat.
First progressions to know
- Exercise
- Exercise
Another one Barry counts among the first progressions to know: put B in the bass, play the chord over it, then move a note down, and you arrive at E major.
Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes3:58
- Exercise
Barry worked through a chain of dominants with a student: where you need A7, he says to play E minor 6; for G7, D minor 6; and for F, C minor 6 (he first said B-flat minor 6, then corrected himself). Notice that each minor sixth sits on the fifth of the chord being aimed for.
- Exercise
Working on a blues, Barry had the pianist take the F7 and change it to an F-sharp diminished chord, which moves right to C major, with the fifth on top or something similar. Learning to make small chord changes like this is, he says, the kind of thing you should be doing.
- Idea
In the tune Barry was studying, the I goes to the IV, but not to a IV dominant seventh: it goes to the IV major seventh and then to the IV minor. Barry says that sometimes, to get back to the I, he plays the IV minor. In A-flat he offered a line for this: a D-flat minor arpeggio played downward, landing on the fifth of A-flat.
- Idea
In writing7 notes
What his interviews, his students’ class notes and other teachers’ articles add.
Howard Rees gives two minor-sixth ways to voice a dominant: the minor sixth on its fifth, or the minor sixth a half step above its root, which he treats as an altered scale.
Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings, Part I: Barry Harris Keeps Things Movin’ ¶25Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings, Part I: Barry Harris Keeps Things Movin’ ¶27
Rees’s worked ii–V in D: A half-diminished becomes C minor 6, moving along its scale into D7, where the voicing switches to the E♭ minor 6 diminished scale. In Star Eyes he resolves to a C7 voiced with D♭ minor 6.
Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings ¶6Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings ¶9
The Jazz School Online glossary defines the important minor as the minor chord on the fifth degree of the dominant scale, and lists ‘altered scale’ simply as the tritone’s minor scale, a semitone above the dominant.
Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶4Jazz School Online (Howard Rees), Glossary of Terms ¶25
The workbook to Barry’s clinic orders the topic: important minor and tritone’s minor together, descending thirds on the E♭ minor 6 diminished scale, why the tritone’s minor is the perfect altered scale, then the tritone’s minor bridging V7 to Imaj7. Part 1 has sections on the important minor in rhythm changes and on the tritone’s minor after Body and Soul.
Barry Harris (on video); Howard Rees (producer, The Barry Harris Workshop Video Part 2: product page and 156-page workbook table of contents ¶20Barry Harris (on video); Howard Rees (producer, The Barry Harris Workshop Video ¶17Barry Harris (on video); Howard Rees (producer, The Barry Harris Workshop Video ¶19
Vera Marijt reports Barry’s rhythm-changes example in B♭: C♯m7 is the important minor of F♯7, as Cm7 is of F7.
Marijt’s minor ii–V into G minor uses the E♭ minor 6 scale on the altered D7, whose diminished is D diminished; for any altered dominant, think of the minor sixth a half step up.
Vera Marijt (research coach Jarmo Hoogendijk), Barry Harris: Exploring the Diminished (MA research paper) ¶102Vera Marijt (research coach Jarmo Hoogendijk), Barry Harris: Exploring the Diminished (MA research paper) ¶103Vera Marijt (research coach Jarmo Hoogendijk), Barry Harris: Exploring the Diminished (MA research paper) ¶106
Forum shorthand: on a plain dominant, the minor sixth on the fifth (D minor 6 for G7); on an altered one, go up a half step (A♭ minor 6). Another poster hears E♭ minor over D7 in Dizzy’s intro to ‘Round Midnight as the tritone’s minor.
jazzguitar.be members (usernames kept per post), Official Barry Harris Thread (jazzguitar.be forum thread) ¶1939jazzguitar.be members (usernames kept per post), Official Barry Harris Thread (jazzguitar.be forum thread) ¶1986
How other teachers explain it12 videos, 42 series episodes
Barry’s students, and their students, teaching it their way. A second opinion, not Barry.
- Applying the Sixth Diminished Scale
D minor 6 (the important minor) and A♭ minor 6 (the tritone’s minor) for G7, and when to use each.
9 min, transcript On YouTube
- Generating Chord Movement With Scales
The two minor sixes for D7, on the fifth and a half step above, in a chord movement.
10 min, transcript On YouTube
- Sixth Chord Moves for II V I VI Progression
Sixth-chord moves on ii–V–I–VI: D minor 6 or A♭ minor 6 for G7, B♭ minor 6 for A7.
7 min, transcript On YouTube
- Harmonizing “On Green Dolphin Street”
On Green Dolphin Street: the six on the fifth and on the fifth of the tritone as the two go-tos for a dominant.
7 min, transcript On YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 59: Making Connections with Barry Harris’s Teachings
Runs C♯ minor 6 diminished, the tritone’s minor, over C.
11 min, transcript On YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 55: Improvising Over Body and Soul with Barry Harris’s Scales of Chords
Body and Soul: the tritone’s minor on F7 before B♭ minor.
12 min, transcript On YouTube
- Jazz Harmony According to Barry Harris. PART 3 [SUBTITLES]
Over D7, turns a B major upper structure into E♭ minor, the ii of the tritone A♭7, which he links to Barry’s ‘important minor’.
38 min, transcript On YouTube
- Explaining The Barry Harris Harmonic Method For Classical Pianists Lesson 5 -m6 on The Dominant
Minor 6 on the dominant (lesson 5, from the title).
7 min On YouTube
- The Barry Harris Harmonic Method For Classical Pianists Lesson 12 The m6/Dim Scale Over Dom7th Chord
The minor 6 diminished scale over a dominant 7th (lesson 12, from the title).
8 min On YouTube
- The Barry Harris Harmonic Method For Classical Pianists Lesson 13, m6 on the 5th of the Tritone Sub
Minor 6 on the fifth of the tritone substitute (lesson 13, from the title).
11 min On YouTube
- Barry Harris’s Minor 6th Diminished Scale, the Significant Minor of the Tritone
The minor 6th diminished scale as the minor of the tritone (from the title).
4 min On YouTube
- Jazz Mandolin Instruction Barry Harris Tritones Minor
The tritone’s minor on mandolin (from the title).
9 min On YouTube
In the teaching series
Episodes on this idea in the long series by other teachers. Each name opens that whole series in order.
Mike Hayes Guitar
- Workshop: borrowed notes and sixth chords on other degrees YouTube
- The 2-5-1 with the important minor YouTube
- Daily practice routine: sixth-chord overlays YouTube
- The 2-5-1 with the family of dominants YouTube
- Making static chords move on a ii-V YouTube
- Diminished movement through ii-V-I voicings YouTube
- Why Real Book chords sound vanilla, and how movement fixes them YouTube
- Sixth-chord substitution on Blue Moon YouTube
- Borrowed notes: bringing one C6 shape to life YouTube
- Adding movement to the ii-V-I without changing the harmony YouTube
- Drop 2 chords on the middle strings for the blues YouTube
The Labyrinth of Limitations
- Version 1.2.0: importing and exporting playlists and lessons YouTube
- Practising polyphony over the tritone’s minor YouTube
- 4 steps to improvise chord melodies in any key YouTube
- The minor 6 on the five YouTube
- The tritone sub is easier than you think YouTube
- Minor 6 diminished over a dominant chord YouTube
- Foundations 4: the study of movement YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 3: the little elevator YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 11: connecting scales to chords in Autumn Leaves YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 12: the generative guitar YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 21: connections in the scale of scales YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 25: building movement with Barry’s chromatic scale YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 34: the ugliest duckling YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 62: playing through the scale of scales for colour YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 70: a classic chord movement seen in new ways YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 74: a beautiful movement Barry plays on Stella YouTube
- Little Labyrinth 80: half steps below are beautiful YouTube
- Movement 27: the tritone’s minor instead of the altered scale YouTube
- Movement 28: taking Movement 27 up the scale YouTube
Where the accounts differ2 points
Sources differ on when to use which minor. Howard Rees, in a class video, says the minor six on the fifth works on any dominant but keeps the tritone’s minor for dominants that resolve; a forum poster says Barry left the choice to taste.
Applying the Sixth Diminished Scale8:05jazzguitar.be members (usernames kept per post), Barry Harris: Maj6 built on the 5th or on the tonic ¶11
Tomasz Białowolski says he never saw Barry mention an altered scale, and treats E♭ minor over D7 simply as the ii of the key a tritone away. The workbook to Barry’s own clinic, though, has a section on why the tritone’s minor is the perfect altered scale.
Jazz Harmony According to Barry Harris. PART 3 [SUBTITLES]14:0314:44Barry Harris (on video); Howard Rees (producer, The Barry Harris Workshop Video Part 2: product page and 156-page workbook table of contents ¶20
Read further4 links
These open on the web.
Free to read
- Howard Rees, Jazz Workshops
— Howard Rees on the minor 6 diminished scale a half step above a dominant as an altered scale, with the minor six on the fifth.
- jazzguitar.be members (usernames kept per post), Official Barry Harris Thread (jazzguitar.be forum thread)
— Posters’ rules for the six on the five and the tritone’s minor, with examples.
Books and paid courses
- Howard Rees, ‘Evolutionary Voicings Part 2: Applying the Barry Harris method to tunes’, Keyboard Magazine Nov 1998 (Star Eyes; m7b5 as m6; Eb minor 6 dim as the altered scale for D7)
student (Howard Rees) — Rees applies it: E♭ minor 6 diminished on D7, D♭ minor 6 on C7 in Star Eyes.
- The Barry Harris Workshop Video Part Two, Howard Rees: ~4h15, 156-page workbook; chapters Improvisation (49 sections), Rhythm Section (17), Harmony (41)
Barry himself (produced and transcribed by Howard Rees) — Barry’s clinic covers the important minor, the tritone’s minor and ‘the perfect altered scale’ (paid; contents free).